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NISH (NITAG Support Hub) 2: Covid-19 vaccine hesitancy/confidence in Africa Latest Systematic Reviews: Ghana (English)

This Library Guide contains published and unpublished information on vaccine hesitancy and related issues in the context of COVID-19 vaccination in Subsaharan Africa

Latest research articles : Ghana

Aberese-Ako, M., Doegah, P. T., Kpodo, L., Ebelin, W., Kuatewo, M., Baba, A. A., Kpordorlor, A. G., Lissah, S. Y., Kuug, A. K., & Ansah, E. (2023). The role of community engagement toward ensuring healthy lives: A case study of COVID-19 management in two Ghanaian municipalities. Frontiers in Public Health, 11, 1213121. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1213121

Aggrey-Bluwey, L., & Abekah-Nkrumah, G. (2024). Determinants of vaccination decisions and lived experiences of Ghanaians with the COVID-19 pandemic; a qualitative study. Vaccine: X, 17, 100463. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100463

Akrong, G. B., Hiadzi, R. A., Donkor, A. B., & Anafo, D. K. (2024). COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and hesitancy in Ghana: A systematic review. PloS One, 19(6), e0305993. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0305993

Aninagyei, E., Ayivor-Djanie, R., Gyamfi, J., Aboagye, M. E., Kpeli, G. S., Ampofo, W. K., Gyapong, J. O., & Duedu, K. O. (2024). Pre-vaccination seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in the Volta Region, Ghana. IJID Regions, 10, 179–182. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.01.007

Atongu, S. F., Aninanya, G. A., & Howard, N. (2024). Factors associated with initial AstraZeneca vaccine knowledge, attitudes, and uptake among hospital nurses: A cross-sectional study in Ghana’s Upper East  region. PLOS Global Public Health, 4(2), e0002674. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0002674

Atta-Osei, G., Acheampong, E., Gyaase, D., Tawiah, R., Gyaase, T. I., Adade, R., Fofie, D., Owusu, I., & Mprah, W. K. (2024). Factors associated with Covid-19 vaccine acceptance among persons with disabilities: A cross-sectional study in Ghana. PLOS Global Public Health, 4(3), e0002822. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0002822

Dodoo, C. C., Hanson-Yamoah, E., Adedia, D., Erzuah, I., Yamoah, P., Brobbey, F., Cobbold, C., & Mensah, J. (2024). Using machine learning algorithms to predict COVID-19 vaccine uptake: A year after the introduction of COVID-19 vaccines in Ghana. Vaccine: X, 18, 100466. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jvacx.2024.100466

Gadzekpo, A., Tietaah, G. K. M., Yeboah-Banin, A. A., & Kwame Ampofo Adjei, D. (2024). Media coverage of COVID-19 vaccines: Sources of information, and verification practices of journalists in Ghana. Journal of Communication in Healthcare, 17(1), 15–29. https://doi.org/10.1080/17538068.2023.2208893

Gyasi, S. F., Kumi, W., & Kwofie, C. (2024). Factors influencing individual vaccine preferences for COVID-19 in the Sunyani Municipality, Ghana: An observational study using discrete choice experiment  analysis. Health Science Reports, 7(7), e2263. https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.2263

Manu, E., Douglas, M., Kushitor, M. K., Komesuor, J., Ampomah, M. A., & Opoku, N. O. (2024). Lay beliefs of COVID-19 vaccine refusal among intercity commercial drivers in the Volta region of Ghana: Recommendations for improved vaccine uptake. Tropical Diseases, Travel Medicine and Vaccines, 10(1), 5. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40794-023-00214-9

Mbele, W., Dako-Gyeke, P., & Frans, A. N. (2024). COVID-19 vaccination uptake among healthcare workers in Ghana: A comprehensive analysis of knowledge, attitude, perceived vaccine effectiveness, and health  belief model constructs. PLOS Global Public Health, 4(5), e0002738. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0002738

Morgan, A. K., Aziire, M. A., Cobbold, J., Agbobada, A. A., & Kudzawu, S. K. (2023). Hesitant or not: A cross-sectional study of socio-demographics, conspiracy theories, trust in public health information, social capital and vaccine  hesitancy among older adults in Ghana. Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics, 19(1), 2211495. https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2023.2211495

Nasiratu, I., Pencille, L. B., Khuzwayo, N., Aboagye, R. G., & Tarkang, E. E. (2023). Predictors of COVID-19 vaccine uptake among persons aged 18 years and above in Ga North Municipality, Ghana using the Health Belief Model: A community-based  cross-sectional study. PloS One, 18(11), e0293350. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0293350

Opoku, M. P., Belbase, S., Nsowah, F. A., Yeboah, K., Nketsia, W., Mohamed, A., Agyei-Okyere, E., Amponteng, M., Saah, R., & Safi, M. (2023). Coronavirus Disease Vaccination Among Persons With Disabilities: Understanding Vaccine Perceptions and Hesitancy in Ghana. The Linacre Quarterly, 90(4), 452–471. https://doi.org/10.1177/00243639231178626

Osaigbovo, I. I., Ogboghodo, E. O., Obarisiagbon, O. E., & Obaseki, D. E. (2023). An assessment of COVID-19 vaccine knowledge and acceptability among healthcare workers in a Nigerian tertiary hospital. Ghana Medical Journal, 57(4), 284–292. https://doi.org/10.4314/gmj.v57i4.5

 

Morgan, A.K., Aziire, M.A., Cobbold, J., Agbobada, A.A. and Kudzawu, S.K., 2023. Hesitant or not: A cross-sectional study of socio-demographics, conspiracy theories, trust in public health information, social capital and vaccine hesitancy among older adults in Ghana. Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics, 19(1), p.2211495.

https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2023.2211495

McCarthy, R.N.E., Donkoh, E.T., Arthur, D.D., Dassah, E.T., Boadu, K.O., Otoo, J.E., Boadu, I.W.O. and Gyasi, S.F., 2023. Public relations strategies employed by the Ghana Health Service to address COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy: a qualitative inquiry. Tropical Medicine and Health, 51(1), pp.1-14.

https://doi.org/10.1186/s41182-023-00519-7

Boi‐Dsane, N.A., Dzudzor, B., Alhassan, Y. and Aheto, J.M., 2023. Prevalence of common adverse events experienced following COVID‐19 vaccination and its associated factors in Ghana: Cross‐sectional study design. Health Science Reports, 6(1), p.e1012.

https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.1012

Owusu, S.A., 2023. Ethical implications for children’s exclusion in the initial COVID-19 vaccination in Ghana. Global Bioethics, 34(1), pp.1-11.

https://doi.org/10.1080/11287462.2023.2168170

Amponsah-Tabi, S., Djokoto, R., Opoku, S., Senu, E., Boakye, D.K., Azanu, W.K., Ankobea-Kokroe, F., Owusu-Asubonteng, G., Ansah, R.O., Owusu, E. and Ackah-Avoh, E., 2023. Knowledge, attitude and acceptability of COVID-19 vaccine among residents in rural communities in Ghana: a multi-regional study. BMC Infectious Diseases, 23(1), pp.1-11.

https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-023-08029-x

Afreh, O.K., Angwaawie, P., Attivor, E.J.K., Boateng, L.A., Brackstone, K., Head, M.G., Manyeh, A.K. and Vidzro, G.A.A., 2023. Examining confidence and hesitancy towards COVID-19 vaccines: A cross-sectional survey using in-person data collection in rural Ghana. Vaccine, 41(13), pp.2113-2119.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.02.024

Sampene, A.K., Li, C., Oteng Agyeman, F. and Brenya, R., 2023. Socioeconomic and demographic characteristics influencing the hesitancy and refusal of COVID-19 vaccine in Ghana. Therapeutic Advances in Vaccines and Immunotherapy, 11, p.25151355221149336.

https://doi.org/10.1177/2515135522114933

Storph, R.P., Essuman, M.A., Duku‐Takyi, R., Akotua, A., Asante, S., Armah, R., Donkoh, I.E. and Addo, P.A., 2023. Willingness to receive COVID‐19 booster dose and its associated factors in Ghana: A cross‐sectional study. Health Science Reports, 6(4), p.e1203.

https://doi.org/10.1002/hsr2.1203

Kyei-Arthur, F., Agyekum, M.W., Afrifa-Anane, G.F., Larbi, R.T. and Kisaakye, P., 2023. Perceptions about COVID-19 preventive measures among Ghanaian women. Plos one, 18(4), p.e0284362.

https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0284362

Mohammed, A.S., Asumah, M.N., Padhi, B.K., Sinha, A., Mohammed, I., Jamil, S., Boasiako, O.A., Leman, N. and Kabir, R., 2023. Predictors of SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine Uptake among Health Professionals: A Cross-Sectional Study in Ghana. Vaccines, 11(1), p.190.

https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11010190

Gadzekpo, A., Tietaah, G.K.M., Yeboah-Banin, A.A. and Kwame Ampofo Adjei, D., 2023. Media coverage of COVID-19 vaccines: sources of information, and verification practices of journalists in Ghana. Journal of Communication in Healthcare, pp.1-15. (Not OA)

Morgan, A.K., Aziire, M.A., Cobbold, J., Agbobada, A.A. and Kudzawu, S.K., 2023. Hesitant or not: A cross-sectional study of socio-demographics, conspiracy theories, trust in public health information, social capital and vaccine hesitancy among older adults in Ghana. Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics, 19(1), p.2211495.

https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2023.2211495

McCarthy, R.N.E., Donkoh, E.T., Arthur, D.D., Dassah, E.T., Boadu, K.O., Otoo, J.E., Boadu, I.W.O. and Gyasi, S.F., 2023. Public relations strategies employed by the Ghana Health Service to address COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy: a qualitative inquiry. Tropical Medicine and Health, 51(1), pp.1-14.
https://rdcu.be/dcF79
 
Lazarus, J.V., Wyka, K., White, T.M., Picchio, C.A., Gostin, L.O., Larson, H.J., Rabin, K., Ratzan, S.C., Kamarulzaman, A. and El-Mohandes, A., 2023. A survey of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance across 23 countries in 2022. Nature Medicine, pp.1-10.
(NOT OA)
Abstract: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) continued to mutate and spread in 2022 despite the introduction of safe, effective vaccines and medications. Vaccine hesitancy remains substantial, fueled in part by misinformation. Our third study of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine hesitancy among 23,000 respondents in 23 countries (Brazil, Canada, China, Ecuador, France, Germany, Ghana, India, Italy, Kenya, Mexico, Nigeria, Peru, Poland, Russia, Singapore, South Africa, South Korea, Spain ...
 
Nanteer-Oteng, E., Kretchy, I.A., Nanteer, D.O., Kretchy, J.P. and Osafo, J., 2022. Hesitancy towards COVID-19 vaccination: The role of personality traits, anti-vaccine attitudes and illness perception. PLOS Global Public Health, 2(12), p.e0001435.

https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0001435

Zhou L, Ampon-Wireko S, Xu X, Quansah PE, Larnyo E. Media attention and Vaccine Hesitancy: Examining the mediating effects of Fear of COVID-19 and the moderating role of Trust in leadership. PLoS One. 2022 Feb 18;17(2):e0263610. doi: 10.1371/journal.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8856543/

Tabong, P.T.N., Opoku Mensah, K. and Asampong, E., 2022. Preparation for COVID‐19 vaccines rollout: Interventions to increase trust, acceptability, and uptake in West African countries. The International Journal of Health Planning and Management, 37(3), pp.1221-1228. (Not OA)
 

Fan, C.W., Chen, J.S., Addo, F.M., Adjaottor, E.S., Amankwaah, G.B., Yen, C.F., Ahorsu, D.K. and Lin, C.Y., 2022. Examining the validity of the drivers of COVID-19 vaccination acceptance scale using Rasch analysis. Expert review of vaccines, 21(2), pp.253-260. (Not OA)

Chen IH, Wu PL, Yen CF, Ullah I, Shoib S, Zahid SU, Bashir A, Iqbal N, Addo FM, Adjaottor ES, Amankwaah GB, Ahorsu DK, Griffiths MD, Lin CY, Pakpour AH. Motors of COVID-19 Vaccination Acceptance Scale (MoVac-COVID19S): Evidence of Measurement Invariance Across Five Countries. Risk management and healthcare policy 2022 Mar 10;15:435-445. doi: 10.2147/RMHP.S351794

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8922466/

Appiah, B., Asamoah-Akuoko, L., France, C., Rene, A., Amanquah, N. and Bates, I., 2022. Pharmacists and COVID-19 vaccination–Considering mobile phone caller tunes as a novel approach to promote vaccine uptake in low-and middle-income countries. Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy, 18(5), pp.2898-2903. 2022 May;18(5):2898-2903. doi: 10.1016/j.sapharm.2021.07.022. Epub 2021 Aug 3.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8330142/

Udoakang, A.J., Djomkam Zune, A.L., Tapela, K., Owoicho, O., Fagbohun, I.K., Anyigba, C.A., Lowe, M., Nganyewo, N.N., Keneme, B., Olisaka, F.N. and Henry-Ajala, A.N., 2022. Knowledge, attitude and perception of West Africans towards COVID-19: a survey to inform public health intervention. BMC public health, 22(1), pp.1-12.                                                                                                             https://bmcpublichealth.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12889-022-12814-9

Lawal, L., Aminu Bello, M., Murwira, T., Avoka, C., Yusuf Ma'aruf, S., Harrison Omonhinmin, I., Maluleke, P., Tsagkaris, C. and Onyeaka, H., 2022. Low coverage of COVID-19 vaccines in Africa: current evidence and the way forward. Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics, pp.1-5. (Not OA)

Anjorin AA, Odetokun IA, Abioye AI, Elnadi H, Umoren MV, Damaris BF, Eyedo J, Umar HI, Nyandwi JB, Abdalla MM, Tijani SO, Awiagah KS, Idowu GA, Fabrice SNA, Maisara AMO, Razouqi Y, Mhgoob ZE, Parker S, Asowata OE, Adesanya IO, Obara MA, Jaumdally S, Kitema GF, Okuneye TA, Mbanzulu KM, Daitoni H, Hallie EF, Mosbah R, Fasina FO. Will Africans take COVID-19 vaccination? PLoS One. 2021 Dec 1;16(12):e0260575. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0260575.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8635331/

Amponsah SK, Tagoe B, Afriyie DK. Possible future trajectory of COVID-19: emphasis on Africa. Pan African Medical Journal. 2021 Nov 16;40:157. doi: 10.11604/pamj.2021.40.157.31905.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8683453/

Alhassan RK, Aberese-Ako M, Doegah PT, Immurana M, Dalaba MA, Manyeh AK, Klu D, Acquah E, Ansah EK, Gyapong M. COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among the adult population in Ghana: evidence from a pre-vaccination rollout survey. Tropical Medicine & Health. 2021 Dec 16;49(1):96. doi: 10.1186/s41182-021-00357-5.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8674411/

Acheampong, T., Akorsikumah, E.A., Osae-Kwapong, J., Khalid, M., Appiah, A. and Amuasi, J.H., 2021. Examining vaccine hesitancy in Sub-Saharan Africa: a survey of the knowledge and attitudes among adults to receive COVID-19 vaccines in Ghana. Vaccines, 9(8), p.814.

https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/9/8/814

Agyekum, M.W., Afrifa-Anane, G.F., Kyei-Arthur, F. and Addo, B., 2021. Acceptability of COVID-19 vaccination among health care workers in Ghana. Advances in Public Health, 2021.

https://www.hindawi.com/journals/aph/2021/9998176/

Lamptey, E., Serwaa, D. and Appiah, A.B., 2021. A nationwide survey of the potential acceptance and determinants of COVID-19 vaccines in Ghana. Clinical and Experimental Vaccine Research, 10(2), p.183.

https://www.ecevr.org/search.php?where=aview&id=10.7774/cevr.2021.10.2.183&code=9995CEVR&vmode=FULL

Yeboah, P., Daliri, D.B., Abdin, A.Y., Appiah-Brempong, E., Pitsch, W., Panyin, A.B., Adusei, E.B.A., Razouk, A., Nasim, M.J. and Jacob, C., 2021. Knowledge into the Practice against COVID-19: A Cross-Sectional Study from Ghana. International journal of environmental research and public health, 18(24), p.12902.

https://www.mdpi.com/1660-4601/18/24/12902

Botwe, B.O., Antwi, W.K., Adusei, J.A., Mayeden, R.N., Akudjedu, T.N. and Sule, S.D., 2022. COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy concerns: Findings from a Ghana clinical radiography workforce survey. Radiography, 28(2), pp.537-544. 2021 Oct 8:S1078-8174(21)00149-8. doi: 10.1016/j.radi.2021.09.015. Epub ahead of print.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8498685/

Addo, P.C., Kulbo, N.B., Sagoe, K.A., Ohemeng, A.A. and Amuzu, E., 2021. Guarding against COVID-19 vaccine hesitance in Ghana: analytic view of personal health engagement and vaccine related attitude. Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics, pp.1-6.Epub 2021 Dec 14. (Not OA)

Serwaa, D., Lamptey, E. and Senkyire, E.K., 2021. Increasing COVID-19 vaccine acceptance among the general population while maintaining autonomy. Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics, 17(12), pp.5139-5141. (Not OA)

Mutombo PN, Fallah MP, Munodawafa D, Kabel A, Houeto D, Goronga T, Mweemba O, Balance G, Onya H, Kamba RS, Chipimo M, Kayembe JN, Akanmori B. COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in Africa: a call to action. Lancet Global Health. 2022 Mar;10(3):e320-e321. doi: 10.1016/S2214-109X(21)00563-5. Epub 2021 Dec 20.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8687664/

Tagoe ET, Sheikh N, Morton A, Nonvignon J, Sarker AR, Williams L, Megiddo I. COVID-19 Vaccination in Lower-Middle Income Countries: National Stakeholder Views on Challenges, Barriers, and Potential Solutions. Frontiers in Public Health. 2021 Aug 6;9:709127. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.709127.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8377669/

Agbozo, F. and Jahn, A., 2021. COVID-19 in Ghana: challenges and countermeasures for maternal health service delivery in public health facilities. Reproductive Health, 18(1), pp.1-5.. 2021 Jul 19;18(1):151. doi: 10.1186/s12978-021-01198-5.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8287110/

 

 

Google Scholar

Sallam, M., Al-Sanafi, M. and Sallam, M., 2022. A global map of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance rates per country: an updated concise narrative review. Journal of Multidisciplinary Healthcare, 15, p.21.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8760993/
McCarthy, R.N.E., Donkoh, E.T., Arthur, D.D., Dassah, E.T., Boadu, K.O., Otoo, J.E., Boadu, I.W.O. and Gyasi, S.F., 2023. Public relations strategies employed by the Ghana Health Service to address COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy: a qualitative inquiry. Tropical Medicine and Health, 51(1), pp.1-14.
https://doi.org/10.1186/s41182-023-00519-7
 
Botwe, B.O., Antwi, W.K., Adusei, J.A., Mayeden, R.N., Akudjedu, T.N. and Sule, S.D., 2022. COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy concerns: findings from a Ghana clinical radiography workforce survey. Radiography, 28(2), pp.537-544. (Not OA)
 
Dzantor, E.K., Asumah, M.N., Inusah, A.W., Nukpezah, N.R., Agyeman, Y.N., Kukeba, M.W., Braimah, B.A., Adjeso, T. and Tahiru, M.M., 2022. Adverse events reported after first dose of SARS‐CoV‐2 vaccine in the Northern Region of Ghana. Nursing Open.
https://doi.org/10.1002/nop2.1438
 
Brackstone, K., Atengble, K., Head, M., Akinocho, H., Osei,K., Nuamah, K., Boateng, L. (2021). Examining drivers of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in Ghana. https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.14494851
https://eprints.soton.ac.uk/451820/1/Ghana_Vaccine_Hesitancy_Report_3rd_survey_july_2021.pdf
 
Lazarus, J.V., Wyka, K., White, T.M., Picchio, C.A., Rabin, K., Ratzan, S.C., Parsons Leigh, J., Hu, J. and El-Mohandes, A., 2022. Revisiting COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy around the world using data from 23 countries in 2021. Nature Communications, 13(1), pp.1-14.
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-022-31441-x
 
Alhassan, R.K., Owusu-Agyei, S., Ansah, E.K. and Gyapong, M., 2021. COVID-19 vaccine uptake among health care workers in Ghana: a case for targeted vaccine deployment campaigns in the global south. Human resources for health, 19(1), pp.1-12.
https://human-resources-health.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12960-021-00657-1
 
Zhou, L., Ampon-Wireko, S., Xu, X., Quansah, P.E. and Larnyo, E., 2022. Media attention and Vaccine Hesitancy: Examining the mediating effects of Fear of COVID-19 and the moderating role of Trust in leadership. Plos one, 17(2), p.e0263610.
https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0263610
 
Brackstone, K., Atengble, K., Head, M.G. and Boateng, L.A., 2022. Examining Drivers of COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy in Ghana: The Roles of Political Allegiance, Misinformation Beliefs, and Sociodemographic Factors. medRxiv. (Pre-print, not peer-reviewed)
https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2022.03.16.22272463v2
 
Awuni, J.A., Ayamga, M. and Dagunga, G., 2022. Covid-19 vaccination intensions among literate Ghanaians: Still the need to dissipate fear and build trust on vaccine efficacy?. Plos one, 17(6), p.e0270742.
https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0270742
 
Abdul-Manan, S., Abdullai, A.I. and Yussif, B.G., Determinants of COVID-19 Vaccine Acceptance in Ghana. (Not OA)
 
Amo-Adjei, J., Nurzhynska, A., Essuman, R. and Lohiniva, A.L., 2022. Trust and willingness towards COVID-19 vaccine uptake: a mixed-method study in Ghana, 2021. Archives of Public Health, 80(1), pp.1-12.
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13690-022-00827-0
 
Demuyakor, J., Nyatuame, I.N. and Obiri, S., 2021. Unmasking covid-19 vaccine “infodemic” in the social media. Online Journal of Communication and Media Technologies, 11(4), p.e202119. (Not OA)
 
 
 

WHO Africa

Ghana shares success story in COVID-19 vaccine rollout with Cote d'Ivoire                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           https://www.afro.who.int/news/ghana-shares-success-story-covid-19-vaccine-rollout-cote-divoire