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NISH (NITAG Support Hub) 2: Covid-19 vaccine hesitancy/confidence in Africa Latest Systematic Reviews: South Africa (English)

This Library Guide contains published and unpublished information on vaccine hesitancy and related issues in the context of COVID-19 vaccination in Subsaharan Africa

Latest research articles : South Africa

Ashkir, S., Abel, T., Khaliq, O. P., & Moodley, J. (2023). COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy among pregnant women in an antenatal clinic in Durban, South Africa. Southern African Journal of Infectious Diseases, 38(1), 516. https://doi.org/10.4102/sajid.v38i1.516

Eyal, K., Njozela, L., Köhler, T., Ingle, K., Brophy, T., Buttenheim, A., & Maughan-Brown, B. (2023). Correlates of COVID-19 vaccination intentions and opinions about mandates among four groups of adults in South Africa with distinct vaccine intentions: Evidence  from a large national survey. BMC Public Health, 23(1), 1767. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-023-16584-w

Gengiah, T. N., Naidoo, D. C., Maduma, N., Govender, S., Dhindayal, S., & Lewis, L. (2024). COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa: A survey of unvaccinated adults. Health SA = SA Gesondheid, 29, 2468. https://doi.org/10.4102/hsag.v29i0.2468

George, G., Nota, P., Strauss, M., Lansdell, E., Peters, R. P. H., Brysiewicz, P., Nadesan-Reddy, N., & Wassenaar, D. (2023). Examining the uptake of COVID-19 vaccine booster doses among healthcare workers in South Africa: A mixed-methods study. PLOS Global Public Health, 3(11), e0002639. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pgph.0002639

Jones, M., Osborne, C., Shekhar, R., Pienaar, J., Harris, M., & Foster, E. (2023). Testing Likely Response to Behavioral Nudges and Shoves to Promote COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake Amongst Segments of the Unvaccinated Population of South Africa. Journal of Health Communication, 28(sup2), 5–14. https://doi.org/10.1080/10810730.2023.2231373

Marinda, E., Mathentamo, Q., Coulson, N., Parker, S., Dmc Katoto, P., Houston, G., Magampa, M., Pillay, N., Ngungu, M., Wiysonge, C. S., & van Rooyen, H. (2024). Impact evaluation of a youth led intervention to increase COVID-19 vaccine uptake in Kwazulu-Natal, South Africa. Vaccine, 42(8), 2089–2098. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.02.052

Mishi, S., Anakpo, G., Matekenya, W., & Tshabalala, N. (2023). COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy and Implications for Economic Recovery: Evidence from Nelson Mandela Bay Municipality in South Africa. Vaccines, 11(8). https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11081339

Nair, S., Tshabalala, K., Slingers, N., Vanleeuw, L., Basu, D., & Abdullah, F. (2024). Feasibility of Provision and Vaccine Hesitancy at a Central Hospital COVID-19 Vaccination Site in South Africa after Four Waves of the Pandemic. Diseases (Basel, Switzerland), 12(6). https://doi.org/10.3390/diseases12060113

Onwubu, S. C., Sibiya, M. N., & Makgobole, M. U. (2023). Mental Health Challenges during COVID-19 Pandemic: Experiences of Primary Healthcare Nurses in Durban, South Africa. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 20(17). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph20176683

Padmanabhanunni, A., Pretorius, T. B., & Isaacs, S. A. (2023). Validation of the vaccination attitudes examination scale in a South African context in relation to the COVID-19 vaccine: Quantifying dimensionality with  bifactor indices. BMC Public Health, 23(1), 1872. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-023-16803-4

Sewpaul, R., Sifunda, S., Gaida, R., Mokhele, T., Naidoo, I., & Reddy, S. P. (2023). Vaccine hesitancy and related factors among South African adults in 2021: Unpacking uncertainty versus unwillingness. Frontiers in Public Health, 11, 1233031. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1233031

Lewis, S., 2022. Two years on and four waves later: Johannesburg diagnostic radiographers’ experiences of COVID-19. Journal of Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences.

https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmir.2022.11.012
 
Muthoni, J., Otwombe, K., Thaele, D., Choge, I., Steenberg, B., Cutland, C., Madhi, S.A., Sokani, A. and Myburgh, N., 2023. COVID-19 Vaccination Hesitancy among Youths in Soweto, South Africa. Vaccines, 11(5), p.960.
https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11050960
 
Pienaar, M., Marais, L., Serekoane, M., Marais, K., Cloete, J., Lenka, M. and Sharp, C., ‘Being a mother is not child's play’: The capabilities of mothers in a low‐resource setting in South Africa. Health Expectations.
 https://doi.org/10.1111/hex.13689
 
Wand, H., Vujovich-Dunn, C., Moodley, J., Reddy, T. and Naidoo, S., 2023. Population-level impact of beliefs and attitudes on vaccine decision making in South Africa: Results from the COVID-19 Vaccine Survey (CVACS)(2021/2022). Public Health. (Not OA)
 
Abdelatif, N., Naidoo, I., Dunn, S., Mazinu, M., Essack, Z., Groenewald, C., Maharaj, P., Msomi, N., Reddy, T., Roberts, B. and Zuma, K., 2023. Heterogeneity in COVID-19 infection among older persons in South Africa: Evidence from national surveillance data. Frontiers in Public Health, 11.
doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1009309
 
Kollamparambil, U., Oyenubi, A. and Nwosu, C., 2023. Mental distress, COVID19 vaccine distrust and vaccine hesitancy in South Africa: A causal mediation regression analysis. Plos one, 18(3), p.e0278218.

https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0278218

Are, E.B., Song, Y., Stockdale, J.E., Tupper, P. and Colijn, C., 2023. COVID-19 endgame: From pandemic to endemic? Vaccination, reopening and evolution in low-and high-vaccinated populations. Journal of Theoretical Biology, 559, p.111368.
https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.12.18.21268002
 
George, G., Nota, P.B., Strauss, M., Lansdell, E., Peters, R., Brysiewicz, P., Nadesan-Reddy, N. and Wassenaar, D., 2023. Understanding COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy among Healthcare Workers in South Africa. Vaccines, 11(2), p.414.
https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11020414
 
Myburgh, N., Mulaudzi, M., Tshabalala, G., Beta, N., Gutu, K., Vermaak, S., Lau, C., Hill, C., Stanberry, L., James, W. and Madhi, S., 2023. A Qualitative Study Exploring Motivators and Barriers to COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake among Adults in South Africa and Zimbabwe. Vaccines, 11(4), p.729.
https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11040729
 
Madhi, S.A., Kwatra, G., Myers, J.E., Jassat, W., Dhar, N., Mukendi, C.K., Blumberg, L., Welch, R., Izu, A. and Mutevedzi, P.C., 2023. Sustained Low Incidence of Severe and Fatal COVID-19 Following Widespread Infection Induced Immunity after the Omicron (BA. 1) Dominant in Gauteng, South Africa: An Observational Study. Viruses, 15(3), p.597.
https://doi.org/10.3390/v15030597
 
Lazarus, J.V., Wyka, K., White, T.M., Picchio, C.A., Gostin, L.O., Larson, H.J., Rabin, K., Ratzan, S.C., Kamarulzaman, A. and El-Mohandes, A., 2023. A survey of COVID-19 vaccine acceptance across 23 countries in 2022. Nature Medicine, pp.1-10.
(NOT OA)
Abstract: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) continued to mutate and spread in 2022 despite the introduction of safe, effective vaccines and medications. Vaccine hesitancy remains substantial, fueled in part by misinformation. Our third study of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine hesitancy among 23,000 respondents in 23 countries (Brazil, Canada, China, Ecuador, France, Germany, Ghana, India, Italy, Kenya, Mexico, Nigeria, Peru, Poland, Russia, Singapore, South Africa, South Korea, Spain ...
 

Katoto PDMC, Parker S, Coulson N, Pillay N, Cooper S, Jaca A, Mavundza E, Houston G, Groenewald C, Essack Z, Simmonds J, Shandu LD, Couch M, Khuzwayo N, Ncube N, Bhengu P, Rooyen HV, Wiysonge CS. Predictors of COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy in South African Local Communities: The VaxScenes Study. Vaccines (Basel). 2022 Feb 25;10(3):353. doi: 10.3390/vaccines10030353.

https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/10/3/353

Hoare J, Mendelson M, Frenkel L. COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and anti-vaxxers - supporting healthcare workers to navigate the unvaccinated: Reflections from clinical practice. S Afr Med J. 2022 Feb 2;112(1):13514.

http://www.scielo.org.za/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0256-95742022000100006

Joska JA, Rabie S, Sibeko G. Changing minds: A behavioural approach to vaccine hesitancy. S Afr Med J. 2022 Feb 1;112(2):13495.

http://www.scielo.org.za/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0256-95742022000200002

Roy DN, Biswas M, Islam E, Azam MS. 2022. Potential factors influencing COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and hesitancy: A systematic review. PLoS ONE 17(3): e0265496. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0265496

https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0265496

Purasram, M., Bangalee, V., Oosthuizen, F. and Moodley, R., 2022. Knowledge, attitudes and perceptions of a patient population on the COVID-19 vaccine rollout. Health SA Gesondheid (Online), 27, pp.1-10.
http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/hsag.v27i0.1845 
 
Sibongile Walaza, Stefano Tempia, Anne von Gottberg, Nicole Wolter, Jinal N Bhiman, Amelia Buys, Daniel Amoako, Fahima Moosa, Mignon du Plessis, Jocelyn Moyes, Meredith L McMorrow, Halima Dawood, Ebrahim Variava, Gary Reubenson, Jeremy Nel, Heather J Zar, Mvuyo Makhasi, Susan Meiring, Vanessa Quan, Cheryl Cohen, Risk Factors for Severe Coronavirus Disease 2019 Among Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected and -Uninfected Individuals in South Africa, April 2020–March 2022: Data From Sentinel Surveillance, Open Forum Infectious Diseases, Volume 9, Issue 12, December 2022, ofac578,
https://doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofac578
 

Katoto PDMC, Parker S, Coulson N, Pillay N, Cooper S, Jaca A, Mavundza E, Houston G, Groenewald C, Essack Z, Simmonds J, Shandu LD, Couch M, Khuzwayo N, Ncube N, Bhengu P, Rooyen HV, Wiysonge CS. Predictors of COVID-19 Vaccine Hesitancy in South African Local Communities: The VaxScenes Study. Vaccines (Basel). 2022 Feb 25;10(3):353. doi: 10.3390/vaccines10030353.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8951818/

Lawal L, Aminu Bello M, Murwira T, Avoka C, Yusuf Ma'aruf S, Harrison Omonhinmin I, Maluleke P, Tsagkaris C, Onyeaka H. Low coverage of COVID-19 vaccines in Africa: current evidence and the way forward. Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics. 2022 Mar 3:1-5. doi: 10.1080/21645515.2022.2034457. Epub ahead of print.. (Not OA)
 

Davies, M.A., Morden, E., Rosseau, P., Arendse, J., Bam, J.L., Boloko, L., Cloete, K., Cohen, C., Chetty, N., Dane, P. and Heekes, A., 2022. Outcomes of laboratory-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection during resurgence driven by Omicron lineages BA. 4 and BA. 5 compared with previous waves in the Western Cape Province, South Africa. International Journal of Infectious Diseases.

DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2022.11.024

North ZM, Smit AT, Jenkins LS. A values-driven approach to vaccine hesitancy conversations. South African Family Practice (2004). 2022 Jan 31;64(1):e1-e4. doi: 10.4102/safp.v64i1.5419

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8831934/

Greyling T, Rossouw S. Positive attitudes towards COVID-19 vaccines: A cross-country analysis. PLoS One. 2022 Mar 10;17(3):e0264994. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0264994.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8912241/

 Burger R, Köhler T, Golos AM, Buttenheim AM, English R, Tameris M, Maughan-Brown B. Longitudinal changes in COVID-19 vaccination intent among South African adults: evidence from the NIDS-CRAM panel survey, February to May 2021. BMC Public Health. 2022 Mar 2;22(1):422. doi: 10.1186/s12889-022-12826-5.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8889513/

Joska JA, Rabie S, Sibeko G. Changing minds: A behavioural approach to vaccine hesitancy. S Afr Med J. 2022 Feb 1;112(2):13495

http://www.scielo.org.za/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0256-95742022000200002

Kaur, L. and Ahirwar, A.K., 2022. Omicron variant of SARS-CoV-2: a review of existing literature. Hormone Molecular Biology and Clinical Investigation.

https://www.degruyter.com/document/doi/10.1515/hmbci-2022-0023/html?lang=en

Mohapatra, R.K., Kuppili, S., Kumar Suvvari, T., Kandi, V., Behera, A., Verma, S., Biswal, S.K., Al‐Noor, T.H., El‐ajaily, M.M., Sarangi, A.K. and Dhama, K., 2022. SARS‐CoV‐2 and its variants of concern including Omicron: A never ending pandemic. Chemical Biology & Drug Design, 99(5), pp.769-788. (not OA)
 
Mathaha, T., Mafu, M., Mabikwa, O.V., Ndenda, J., Hillhouse, G. and Mellado, B., 2022. Leveraging artificial intelligence to optimize COVID-19 robust spread and vaccination roll-out strategies in Southern Africa. Frontiers in Artificial Intelligence, 5.
doi : https://doi.org/10.3389/frai.2022.1013010
 
Potgieter, N., Kimmie-Dhansay, F., Meyer, A., Marais, S., Mansoor, I., Mkololo, Y., Maakana, M., Mhlongo, S., Makhoba, S. and Mhlanga, S., 2022. COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and its drivers among dental students at University of the Western Cape, South Africa. Health SA Gesondheid (Online), 27, pp.1-6.
http://www.scielo.org.za/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S2071-97362022000100043

 

Hoare J, Mendelson M, Frenkel L. COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy and anti-vaxxers - supporting healthcare workers to navigate the unvaccinated: Reflections from clinical practice. S Afr Med J. 2022 Feb 2;

http://www.scielo.org.za/pdf/samj/v112n1/06.pdf

Joska JA, Rabie S, Sibeko G. Changing minds: A behavioural approach to vaccine hesitancy. S Afr Med J. 2022 Feb 1;

http://www.scielo.org.za/pdf/samj/v112n2/02.pdf

Wiysonge CS, Ndwandwe D, Ryan J, Jaca A, Batouré O, Anya BM, Cooper S. Vaccine hesitancy in the era of COVID-19: could lessons from the past help in divining the future?Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics. 2022 Dec 31;18(1):1-3. doi: 10.1080/21645515.2021.1893062.  (Not OA)

Wiysonge CS, Alobwede SM, de Marie C Katoto P, Kidzeru EB, Lumngwena EN, Cooper S, Goliath R, Jackson A, Shey MS. COVID-19 vaccine acceptance and hesitancy among healthcare workers in South Africa.Expert Review of Vaccines. 2022 Jan 6:1-11. doi: 10.1080/14760584.2022.2023355. (Not OA)

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/14760584.2022.2023355

Anjorin AA, Odetokun IA, Abioye AI, Elnadi H, Umoren MV, Damaris BF, Eyedo J, Umar HI, Nyandwi JB, Abdalla MM, Tijani SO, Awiagah KS, Idowu GA, Fabrice SNA, Maisara AMO, Razouqi Y, Mhgoob ZE, Parker S, Asowata OE, Adesanya IO, Obara MA, Jaumdally S, Kitema GF, Okuneye TA, Mbanzulu KM, Daitoni H, Hallie EF, Mosbah R, Fasina FO. Will Africans take COVID-19 vaccination? PLoS One. 2021 Dec 1;16(12):e0260575. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0260575

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8635331/

Cooper S, Van Rooyen H, Wiysonge CS. COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in South Africa: A complex social phenomenon. S Afr Med J. 2021 Jun 7;111(8):702-703. doi: 10.7196/SAMJ.2021.v111i8.

http://www.scielo.org.za/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0256-95742021000800008

Wirsiy FS, Nkfusai CN, Ako-Arrey DE, Dongmo EK, Manjong FT, Cumber SN. Acceptability of COVID-19 Vaccine in Africa. International journal of MCH and AIDS. 2021;10(1):134-138. doi: 10.21106/ijma.482. Epub 2021 Apr 8.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8039868/

Cooper S, van Rooyen H, Wiysonge CS. COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in South Africa: how can we maximize uptake of COVID-19 vaccines? Expert Review of  Vaccines. 2021 Aug;20(8):921-933. doi: 10.1080/14760584.2021.1949291. Epub 2021 Jul 12

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/14760584.2021.1949291

Machingaidze S, Wiysonge CS. Understanding COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. Nature Medicine. 2021 Aug;27(8):1338-1339. doi: 10.1038/s41591-021-01459-7

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41591-021-01459-7.pdf

Reñosa, M.D.C., Landicho, J., Wachinger, J., Dalglish, S.L., Bärnighausen, K., Bärnighausen, T. and McMahon, S.A., 2021. Nudging toward vaccination: a systematic review. BMJ global health, 6(9), p.e006237.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8487203/

Razai MS, Oakeshott P, Esmail A, Wiysonge CS, Viswanath K, Mills MC. COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy: the five Cs to tackle behavioural and sociodemographic factors.Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine. 2021 Jun;114(6):295-298. doi: 10.1177/01410768211018951. Epub 2021 Jun 2. (Not OA)

Parrish AG, Blockman M, Cohen K, Dawood H, De Waal R, Gray AL, Kredo T, Leong TD, Nel J, Rees H, Reubenson G. Meta-analytic magic, ivermectin, and socially responsible reporting. S Afr Med J. 2021 Aug 17;111(10):934-937. doi: 10.7196/SAMJ.2021.v111i10.16021.

http://www.samj.org.za/index.php/samj/article/view/13373

Oduwole EO, Esterhuizen TM, Mahomed H, Wiysonge CS. Estimating Vaccine Confidence Levels among Healthcare Staff and Students of a Tertiary Institution in South Africa. Vaccines (Basel). 2021 Oct 27;9(11):1246. doi: 10.3390/vaccines9111246.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8618030/

Mutombo PN, Fallah MP, Munodawafa D, Kabel A, Houeto D, Goronga T, Mweemba O, Balance G, Onya H, Kamba RS, Chipimo M, Kayembe JN, Akanmori B. COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in Africa: a call to action. Lancet Global Health. 2022 Mar;10(3):e320-e321. doi: 10.1016/S2214-109X(21)00563-5. Epub 2021 Dec

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8687664/

Moodley K, Maasdorp E, Rennie S. Could human challenge studies for COVID-19 vaccines be justified in South Africa? S Afr Med J. 2021 Mar 29;111(6):559-562

http://www.samj.org.za/index.php/samj/article/view/13241

Machingaidze S, Wiysonge CS. Understanding COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy. Nature Medicine. 2021 Aug;27(8):1338-1339. doi: 10.1038/s41591-021-01459-7.

Reñosa MDC, Landicho J, Wachinger J, Dalglish SL, Bärnighausen K, Bärnighausen T, McMahon SA. Nudging toward vaccination: a systematic review. BMJ Global Health. 2021 Sep;6(9):e006237. doi: 10.1136/bmjgh-2021-006237

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8487203/

Kollamparambil U, Oyenubi A, Nwosu C. COVID19 vaccine intentions in South Africa: health communication strategy to address vaccine hesitancy. BMC Public Health. 2021 Nov 17;21(1):2113. doi: 10.1186/s12889-021-12196-4.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8596859/

Kashte S, Gulbake A, El-Amin Iii SF, Gupta A. COVID-19 vaccines: rapid development, implications, challenges and future prospects. Human Cell. 2021 May;34(3):711-733. doi: 10.1007/s13577-021-00512-4. Epub 2021 Mar 7.  (Not OA)

Jarolimova, J., Yan, J., Govere, S., Ngobese, N., Shazi, Z.M., Khumalo, A.R., Bunda, B.A., Wara, N.J., Zionts, D., Thulare, H. and Parker, R.A., 2021. Medical mistrust and stigma associated with COVID-19 among people living with HIV in South Africa. AIDS and Behavior, 25(12), pp.3967-3977. (Not OA)
 

Harapan H, Anwar S, Yufika A, Sharun K, Gachabayov M, Fahriani M, Husnah M, Raad R, Abdalla RY, Adam RY, Khiri NM, Ismaeil MI, Ismail AY, Kacem W, Dahman NB, Teyeb Z, Aloui K, Hafsi M, Ferjani M, Deeb DA, Emad D, Abbas KS, Monib FA, Sami FS, Subramaniam R, Panchawagh S, Anandu S, Haque MA, Ferreto LE, Briones MF, Morales RB, Díaz SA, Aburto JT, Rojas JE, Balogun EO, Enitan SS, Yomi AR, Durosinmi A, Ezigbo ED, Adejumo EN, Babadi E, Kakemam E, Malik NI, Ullah I, Rosiello DF, Emran TB, Wendt GW, Arab-Zozani M, Wagner AL, Mudatsir M. Vaccine hesitancy among communities in ten countries in Asia, Africa, and South America during the COVID-19 pandemic. Pathogens & Global Health. 2021 Dec 20:1-8. doi: 10.1080/20477724.2021.2011580. Epub ahead of print. (Not OA)

Ekwebelem OC, Yunusa I, Onyeaka H, Ekwebelem NC, Nnorom-Dike O. COVID-19 vaccine rollout: will it affect the rates of vaccine hesitancy in Africa? Public Health. 2021 Aug;197:e18-e19. doi: 10.1016/j.puhe.2021.01.010. Epub 2021 Jan 28.  (Not OA)

Dzinamarira T, Tungwarara N, Chitungo I, Chimene M, Iradukunda PG, Mashora M, Murewanhema G, Rwibasira GN, Musuka G. Unpacking the Implications of SARS-CoV-2 Breakthrough Infections on COVID-19 Vaccination Programs. Vaccines (Basel). 2022 Feb 7;10(2):252. doi: 10.3390/vaccines10020252.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8879800/

Dzinamarira T, Nachipo B, Phiri B, Musuka G. COVID-19 Vaccine Roll-Out in South Africa and Zimbabwe: Urgent Need to Address Community Preparedness, Fears and Hesitancy. Vaccines (Basel). 2021 Mar 12;9(3):250. doi: 10.3390/vaccines9030250.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8000117/

Demeke J, McFadden SM, Dada D, Djiometio JN, Vlahov D, Wilton L, Wang M, Nelson LE. Strategies that Promote Equity in COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake for Undocumented Immigrants: A Review. Journal of Community Health. 2022 Jan 27:1–9. doi: 10.1007/s10900-022-01063-x. Epub ahead of print.

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35084639/

Cooper S, Van Rooyen H, Wiysonge CS. COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in South Africa: A complex social phenomenon. S Afr Med J. 2021 Jun 7;111(8):702-703. doi: 10.7196/SAMJ.2021.v111i8.15800.

http://www.scielo.org.za/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0256-95742021000800008

Cooper S, van Rooyen H, Wiysonge CS. COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy in South Africa: how can we maximize uptake of COVID-19 vaccines? Expert Review of Vaccines. 2021 Aug;20(8):921-933. doi: 10.1080/14760584.2021.1949291 (Not OA)

Cobelens F, Suri RK, Helinski M, Makanga M, Weinberg AL, Schaffmeister B, Deege F, Hatherill M; TB Vaccine Roadmap Stakeholder Group. Accelerating research and development of new vaccines against tuberculosis: a global roadmap. Lancet Infectious Diseases. 2022 Apr;22(4):e108-e120. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(21)00810-0. Epub 2022 Feb 28.(Not OA)

Chen S, Forster S, Yang J, Yu F, Jiao L, Gates J, Wang Z, Liu H, Chen Q, Geldsetzer P, Wu P, Wang C, McMahon S, Bärnighausen T, Adam M. Animated, video entertainment-education to improve vaccine confidence globally during the COVID-19 pandemic: an online randomized controlled experiment with 24,000 participants. Trials. 2022 Feb 19;23(1):161. doi: 10.1186/s13063-022-06067-5.

https://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13063-022-06067-5

Botha E, van der Merwe D, Burnett RJ, Bester P. Predictors of parents' infant vaccination decisions: A concept derivation. Health SA. 2021 Sep 30;26:1697. doi: 10.4102/hsag.v26i0.1697.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8517795/

Bangalee A, Bangalee V. Fake news and fallacies: Exploring vaccine hesitancy in South Africa. South African Family Practice (2004). 2021 Oct 26;63(1):e1-e3. doi: 10.4102/safp.v63i1.5345.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8603179/

Anjorin AA, Odetokun IA, Abioye AI, Elnadi H, Umoren MV, Damaris BF, Eyedo J, Umar HI, Nyandwi JB, Abdalla MM, Tijani SO, Awiagah KS, Idowu GA, Fabrice SNA, Maisara AMO, Razouqi Y, Mhgoob ZE, Parker S, Asowata OE, Adesanya IO, Obara MA, Jaumdally S, Kitema GF, Okuneye TA, Mbanzulu KM, Daitoni H, Hallie EF, Mosbah R, Fasina FO. Will Africans take COVID-19 vaccination? PLoS One. 2021 Dec 1;16(12):e0260575. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0260575.

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