General
Cutland, C. L., Peyrani, P., Webber, C., Newton, R., Cutler, M., & Perez, J. L. (2023). A phase 3, randomized, controlled, open-label study to evaluate the persistence up to 5 years of 1 or 2 doses of meningococcal conjugate vaccine MenACWY-TT given with or without 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine in 12–14-month-old children. Vaccine, 41(5), 1153-1160.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2022.11.048
Díez-Domingo, J., Tinoco, J. C., Poder, A., Dinleyici, E. C., Nell, H., Salamanca De La Cueva, I., ... & Pellegrini, M. (2022). Immunological non-inferiority of a new fully liquid presentation of the MenACWY-CRM vaccine to the licensed vaccine: results from a randomized, controlled, observer-blind study in adolescents and young adults. Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics, 18(1), 1981085.
https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2021.1981085
Knuf, M., Rämet, M., Breinholt Stærke, N., Bertrand-Gerentes, I., Thollot, Y., B'Chir, S., ... & Oster, P. (2022). Comparing the meningococcal serogroup C immune response elicited by a tetanus toxoid conjugate quadrivalent meningococcal vaccine (MenACYW-TT) versus a quadrivalent or monovalent C tetanus toxoid conjugate meningococcal vaccine in healthy meningococcal vaccine-naïve toddlers: A randomised, controlled trial. Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics, 18(5), 2052657.
https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2022.2052657
Dhingra, M. S., Namazova-Baranova, L., Arredondo-Garcia, J. L., Kim, K. H., Limkittikul, K., Jantarabenjakul, W., ... & Jordanov, E. (2021). Immunogenicity and safety of a quadrivalent meningococcal tetanus toxoid-conjugate vaccine administered concomitantly with other paediatric vaccines in toddlers: a phase III randomised study. Epidemiology & Infection, 149, e90, 1-10.
https://doi.org/10.1017/S0950268821000698
Nakamura, T., Cohen, A. L., Schwartz, S., Mwenda, J. M., Weldegebriel, G., Biey, J. N., ... & Serhan, F. (2021). The global landscape of pediatric bacterial meningitis data reported to the World Health Organization–coordinated invasive bacterial vaccine-preventable disease surveillance network, 2014–2019. The Journal of Infectious Diseases, 224(Supplement_3), S161-S173.
https://doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiab217.
Vandermeulen, C., Leroux-Roels, I., Vandeleur, J., Staniscia, T., Girard, G., Ferguson, M., ... & Pellegrini, M. (2021). A new fully liquid presentation of MenACWY-CRM conjugate vaccine: Results from a multicentre, randomised, controlled, observer-blind study. Vaccine, 39(45), 6628-6636.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.09.068
Baccarini, C. I., Simon, M. W., Brandon, D., Christensen, S., Jordanov, E., & Dhingra, M. S. (2020). Safety and immunogenicity of a quadrivalent meningococcal conjugate vaccine in healthy meningococcal-naive children 2–9 years of age: a phase III, randomized study. The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal, 39(10), 955-960.
https://doi.org/10.1097/INF.0000000000002832.
Borja-Tabora, C. F. C., Peyrani, P., Webber, C., Van der Wielen, M., Cheuvart, B., De Schrevel, N., ... & Perez, J. L. (2020). A phase 2b/3b MenACWY-TT study of long-term antibody persistence after primary vaccination and immunogenicity and safety of a booster dose in individuals aged 11 through 55 years. BMC Infectious Diseases, 20, 1-10.
https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-020-05104-5
Latin America
Villena, R., Safadi, M. A., Gentile, Á., Pujadas, M., De la Maza, V., George, S., & Torres, J. P. (2023). Epidemiology of Meningococcal Disease in four South American Countries and Rationale of Vaccination in Adolescents from the Region: Position Paper of the Latin American Society of Pediatric Infectious Diseases (SLIPE). Vaccines, 11(12), 1841.
https://doi.org/10.3390/vaccines11121841
Gómez, J. A., Pannunzio, M. E., Karwala, P., Nocita, F., Urueña, A., Giglio, N., & Graña, M. G. (2025). Impact on meningococcal disease of different vaccination strategies with 4CMenB and MenACWY-CRM197 in infants and adolescents in Argentina. Vaccine, 45, 126589.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126589
Villena, R., Valenzuela, M. T., Bastias, M., & Santolaya, M. E. (2022). Invasive meningococcal disease in Chile seven years after ACWY conjugate vaccine introduction. Vaccine, 40(4), 666-672.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2021.11.075
Graña, M. G., Cavada, G., Vasquez, M., Shen, J., Maervoet, J., Klint, J., & Gómez, J. A. (2021). Modeling the public health impact of different meningococcal vaccination strategies with 4CMenB and MenACWY versus the current toddler MenACWY National Immunization Program in Chile. Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics, 17(12), 5603-5613.
https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2021.1996808
Asia Pacific
Aye, A. M. M., Bai, X., Borrow, R., Bory, S., Carlos, J., Caugant, D. A., ... & Zhu, B. (2020). Meningococcal disease surveillance in the Asia–Pacific region (2020): the global meningococcal initiative. Journal of Infection, 81(5), 698-711.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2020.07.025
Xie, Z. Q., Zhao, D. Y., Huang, H. T., Gou, J. B., Zhang, W., Yang, Y. L., ... & Xia, S. L. (2020). A phase Ⅲ clinical trial study on the safety and immunogenicity of ACYW135 group meningococcal conjugate vaccine inoculated in 3 month old infants. Zhonghua yu Fang yi xue za zhi [Chinese Journal of Preventive Medicine], 54(9), 947-952. Chinese. (Not OA)
Kulkarni, P. S., Kawade, A., Kohli, S., Munshi, R., Maliye, C., Gogtay, N. J., ... & Kapse, D. (2025). Safety and immunogenicity of a pentavalent meningococcal conjugate vaccine versus a quadrivalent meningococcal conjugate vaccine in adults in India: An observer-blind, randomised, active-controlled, phase 2/3 study. The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 25(4), 399-410.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(24)00576-0
Yoo, B. W., Jung, H. L., Byeon, Y. S., Han, D. K., Jeong, N. Y., Curina, C., ... & Miao, Y. (2020). Results from a large post-marketing safety surveillance study in the Republic of Korea with a quadrivalent meningococcal CRM-conjugate vaccine in individuals aged 2 months–55 years. Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics, 16(6), 1260-1267.
https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2019.1670125
Matsuoka, O., Ujiie, M., Kikuchi, H., Otake, S., Chansinghakul, D., Inoue, T., ... & Dhingra, M. S. (2023). Immunogenicity and safety of a quadrivalent meningococcal tetanus toxoid-conjugate vaccine (MenACYW-TT) in meningococcal vaccine-naïve participants across a broad age range (2–55 Years) in Japan: a phase III randomized study. Japanese Journal of Infectious Diseases, 76(3), 174-182.
https://doi.org/10.7883/yoken.JJID.2022.272
Europe
Koski, S., Martinon-Torres, F., Rämet, M., Zolotas, L., Newton, R., Maansson, R., ... & Beeslaar, J. (2025). A Phase 3B, Open-Label Study to Evaluate the Immunogenicity and Safety of the Quadrivalent Meningococcal Nimenrix® Vaccine When Given to Healthy Infants at 3 and 12 Months of Age. Infectious Diseases and Therapy, 1-19. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40121-024-01098-8
Martinon-Torres, F., Lamberth, E., Natalini Martinez, S., Salamanca de la Cueva, I., Zolotas, L., Oladipupo, I., ... & Beeslaar, J. (2025). Safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity of pentavalent meningococcal MenABCWY vaccine in healthy infants: A phase 2b randomized clinical trial. Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics, 21(1), 2463194.
https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2025.2463194
Peterson, J., Drazan, D., Moughan, B., Maguire, J. D., Zolotas, L., Maansson, R., ... & Beeslaar, J. (2025). Randomized trial showing persistence of hSBA titers elicited by a pentavalent meningococcal MenABCWY vaccine for up to 4 years following a primary series and safety and immunogenicity of a booster dose. Vaccine, 43, 126469.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2024.126469
Peterson, J., Drazan, D., Czajka, H., Maguire, J., Pregaldien, J. L., Seppa, I., ... & Beeslaar, J. (2023). Immunogenicity and safety of a pentavalent meningococcal ABCWY vaccine in adolescents and young adults: an observer-blind, active-controlled, randomised trial. The Lancet Infectious Diseases, 23(12), 1370-1382.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S1473-3099(23)00191-3
Martinón-Torres, F., Taha, M. K., Knuf, M., Abbing-Karahagopian, V., Pellegrini, M., Bekkat-Berkani, R., & Abitbol, V. (2022). Evolving strategies for meningococcal vaccination in Europe: overview and key determinants for current and future considerations. Pathogens and Global Health, 116(2), 85-98.
https://doi.org/10.1080/20477724.2021.1972663
Ohm, M., Hahné, S. J., Van Der Ende, A., Sanders, E. A., Berbers, G. A., Ruijs, W. L., ... & Knol, M. J. (2022). Vaccine impact and effectiveness of meningococcal serogroup ACWY conjugate vaccine implementation in the Netherlands: a nationwide surveillance study. Clinical Infectious Diseases, 74(12), 2173-2180.
https://doi.org/10.1093/cid/ciab791
Piazza, F. M., Virta, M., Paassilta, M., Ukkonen, B., Ahonen, A., Esteves-Jaramillo, A., ... & Dhingra, M. S. (2022). Immunogenicity and safety of an investigational quadrivalent meningococcal conjugate vaccine administered as a booster dose in children vaccinated against meningococcal disease 3 years earlier as toddlers: a Phase III, open-label, multi-center study. Human Vaccines & Immunotherapeutics, 18(1), 1-10.
https://doi.org/10.1080/21645515.2021.1902701
Carr, J. P., MacLennan, J. M., Plested, E., Bratcher, H. B., Harrison, O. B., Aley, P. K., ... & Duale, K. (2022). Impact of meningococcal ACWY conjugate vaccines on pharyngeal carriage in adolescents: evidence for herd protection from the UK MenACWY programme. Clinical Microbiology and Infection, 28(12), 1649-e1-1649.e8.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cmi.2022.07.004
Vesikari, T., Forsten, A., Laudat, F., Li, P., Van Der Wielen, M., Hezareh, M., ... & Webber, C. (2020). Long-term antibody persistence after a booster dose of quadrivalent meningococcal ACWY-tetanus toxoid conjugate vaccine in healthy 5-year-old children. Vaccine, 38(22), 3902-3908.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.02.030
Webber, C., Peyrani, P., Balmer, P., & Serra, L. (2020). Persistence of bactericidal antibodies following primary and booster MenACWY-TT vaccination of toddlers: A review of clinical studies. Vaccine, 38(27), 4236-4245. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.02.048